{"id":291,"date":"2018-08-30T19:24:05","date_gmt":"2018-08-30T19:24:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/?page_id=291"},"modified":"2018-08-30T19:52:09","modified_gmt":"2018-08-30T19:52:09","slug":"results","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/results\/","title":{"rendered":"Results"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A map showing the results of the Terra-i classification for Sulawesi is shown below. The 2016 cocoa areas are mapped in yellow, the 1990-2016 forested land is mapped in green and the cocoa-related deforestation is shown in red.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-267 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/sulawesi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"833\" height=\"589\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/sulawesi.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/sulawesi-300x212.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/sulawesi-768x543.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/sulawesi-1024x724.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/sulawesi-1200x848.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 833px) 85vw, 833px\" \/>A brief summary of the key research findings are as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In the Lampung and Sulawesi provinces, it was found that on average 42% of the identified 2016 cocoa areas had been deforested since 1990. It was assumed that this was cocoa-related deforestation. Central Sulawesi had the largest share of cocoa deforestation compared with the total cocoa areas and Lampung had the smallest.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-265\" src=\"http:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"915\" height=\"484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results2.png 915w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results2-300x159.png 300w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results2-768x406.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>A decline in the rate of cocoa-related deforestation was observed after 2000 compared with 1990 to 2000, in line with national deforestation trends.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-266\" src=\"http:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"915\" height=\"484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results3.png 915w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results3-300x159.png 300w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results3-768x406.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Carbon stock per hectare is greater in Lampung compared with Central, South, Southeast and West Sulawesi due to a greater proportion of agroforestry and high-shade cocoa systems in Lampung.<\/li>\n<li>Estimates suggest total carbon lost from cocoa-related deforestation is approximately five time greater than the total cocoa carbon stock.\u00a0Further expansion of cocoa into forested areas will have the biggest impact in terms of carbon loss and therefore should be avoided where possible. Instead cocoa expansion should focus on establishment on fallow or degraded land where there will be a net gain in carbon stock.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-264\" src=\"http:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"919\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results-3.png 919w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results-3-300x164.png 300w, https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/49\/2018\/08\/results-3-768x420.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>In addition to avoiding deforestation, another mitigation option to contribute to Indonesia\u2019s NDCs is to increase the level of shade across Sulawesi cocoa farms, which could increase carbon stock by up to 35% in a best-case scenario and contribute to Indonesia&#8217;s Nationally Determined Contribution targets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A map showing the results of the Terra-i classification for Sulawesi is shown below. The 2016 cocoa areas are mapped in yellow, the 1990-2016 forested land is mapped in green and the cocoa-related deforestation is shown in red. A brief summary of the key research findings are as follows: In the Lampung and Sulawesi provinces, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/results\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Results&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-291","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/49"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=291"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/291\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":303,"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/291\/revisions\/303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.plantagbiosciences.org\/people\/jan-rafter\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}